Nursing and Midwifery Council (NMC) CBT Practice Test

Observational learning, or learning by observing others, plays a crucial role in nursing education, particularly in clinical settings. When a nursing student observes the insertion of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD), it exemplifies informal learning. This type of learning occurs in a less structured environment compared to traditional classroom settings.

Informal learning is typically unplanned and happens spontaneously through experiences and interactions. In this case, while the student observes a skilled practitioner perform a procedure, they gain insights not only about the technique itself but also about the decision-making process, patient interaction, and other contextual factors that contribute to successful practice. This learning can be incredibly valuable as it allows students to connect theory with real-world applications and can enhance their understanding of complex procedures.

Formal learning, on the other hand, generally involves a structured curriculum with specific outcomes, assessments, and usually takes place in educational institutions. Structured learning implies a deliberate arrangement of teaching and learning activities, which is not the case during an unplanned observation. Self-directed learning refers to the ability of individuals to take the initiative in identifying their learning needs, which is different from the passive observation involved in this scenario. Therefore, the correct identification of informal learning recognizes the significance of experiential learning that occurs outside